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| fattyacid, nutrition research, culture, public policy, cholesterol levels, big plump women , unsaturated fat, fatty ratty , fat substitute, measures, science, bart's inner child, diets general, music reviews, | Potential effects of trans fat on LDL oxidation8, 19 and coagulation and fibrinolytic factors20-22 have also been obese investigated, but so far there is no conclusive evidence of adverse effects. Epidemiological studies One obese of the most influential studies on diet and CHD was the work of Keys23 who related the incidence of heart disease in 16 defined populations in seven countries to their intake of fat and cholesterol. The clear association that he found between percent of energy as saturated fat and CHD incidence and mortality has often been quoted as strong evidence obese that saturated fat increases the risk of CHD. The original investigations have now been complemented by collection and analyses of food composites representing the average intake of each cohort at baseline, so that the relation of CHD incidence and mortality to intake of trans fat and other specific nutrients could be examined.24 |
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| Yet another effect of trans fatty acids on blood lipids is that on fasting triglyceride levels. Already in 1961, the group of Ancel Keys noted cholesterol levels that hydrogenated corn oil resulted in higher triglyceride levels than natural cholesterol levels oils or butter.6 cholesterol levels A triglyceride-raising effect was also consistently seen in seven recent studies that directly compared trans fatty acids with cis-unsaturated fatty acids;3, 7-9, 11, 14, 15 the increases ranged from 0.5 to 12 mg/dL, with an average of 1.5 mg/dL per 1% of energy intake. The effect on triglyceride levels of substituting saturated fatty acids for cis-unsaturated fatty acids is about zero.18 Thus, trans fatty acids increase triglyceride levels when compared with other fatty acids. Eliminating 2% of energy trans fatty acid from the diet would lower triglyceride levels by about 3 mg/dL; the relation between triglycerides and risk of CHD is still uncertain, but the resulting benefit is probably modest. |
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