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| high risk, margarine, war on fat, low salt diet, children_s news online, omega 3 fatty acids, creatures, omega3 fatty acid , personals, fatty infiltration liver , diet industry, political forums, fatburning foods, | In a polyunsaturated fats rigorous metabolic study, Mensink and Katan demonstrated that replacement of 10% of energy from oleic acid (the primary monounsaturated fat in diets) with trans 18:1 fatty acids caused a 0.34 mmol/L increase in LDL cholesterol and a 0.17 mmol/L decrease in HDL polyunsaturated fats cholesterol; whereas replacement of oleic acid with saturated fat caused a similar increase in LDL cholesterol, but virtually no change in HDL cholesterol. As a result, the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio was significantly higher on the trans (2.58) than on the saturated (2.34) or oleic (2.02) diets. These findings were soon confirmed in several investigations, including polyunsaturated fats the study by Lichtenstein et al. that appears in this issue of the Journal, using lower levels of trans fatty acids and different mixtures of trans isomers.7-10 Figure 1 summarizes the randomized trials that allow a direct comparison of trans fatty acids with isocaloric amounts of cis unsaturated fat;3, 7-15 also included is the study of Aro et al.13 |
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| For example, a person eating one doughnut omega3 fatty acid for breakfast (3.2 g)50 and a large order of french fries for lunch (6.8 g)50 would ingest 10 g of trans fatty acids, or 5 percent of the total energy of an 1,800-calorie diet. Thus, simple labeling changes alone will not be sufficient. The following is omega3 fatty acid a more detailed review of the scientific studies behind these conclusions: Effects on plasma lipids Studies omega3 fatty acid in the 1960s compared the effects of partially hydrogenated fat with those of unhydrogenated vegetable oils or saturated fats on the concentrations of total serum cholesterol. Overall, these earlier studies suggested that the cholesterol raising effect of hydrogenated fat was somewhat lower than that of saturated fats.1, 6 Only in 1990 was attention given to the fact that although trans fatty acids increase LDL cholesterol to a similar degree as saturated fat, they decrease HDL cholesterol relative to both cis unsaturated or saturated fats.3 |
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