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These altered fats are called "trans fatty acids," and are finally being recognized for the damage they cause. For half a century, however, hardly any attention was paid to them. topics Trans Fats and Heart Disease-Study A trans fat diet was compared to foodfit a saturated fat diet – each with 9% foodfit of calories from foodfit fat. The trans fats came mostly from margarine made with partially hydrogenated soybean oil, while the saturated fat came from palm kernel oil margarine. Twenty-nine healthy men and women were randomly assigned one of the diets for a month, then they switched to the other diet for the next month. Researchers found that trans fats are more detrimental to the ability of blood vessels to dilate, a marker for heart disease risk. Trans fats reduced this blood vessel function by a third – and lowered (good) HDL-cholesterol by a fifth – compared to saturated fats. Both increased (bad) LDL-cholesterol levels. "This suggests that trans fatty acids increase the risk of heart disease more than the intake of saturated fats," concluded the scientists at Wageningen University in the Netherlands.
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